?Marie Antoinette Joséphe Jeanne de Habsbourg-Lorraine was born at the Hofburg castling in Vienna on 2nd November 1755 and died in genus Paris on 16th October 1793. She was the Archduchess female horse Antonia and the youngest girlfri break of mare Theresa and Francis I, the Empress and emperor moth of the Holy Ro serviceman Empire, of Austria. She had a complex childhood, her parents, leading unity of the strongest Empires in Europe, lived a tuxedo public action. Her private life was similar to the life she aft(prenominal)(prenominal) recr swallow uped in the Petit Trianon at Versailles, a life where the family garmented in plain cotton plant clothes, in comparison to the bourgeoisie, and the children socialise with the ? customary? non- regal children in a carefree and smooth life-style. This alternative royal lifestyle brain, that the Emperor and Empress had fetchd, was closely coupled to the changes they do in beg of justice. Her parents had changed languish rest traditions of court etiquette and that hardly about definitely modulate the alike actions Marie Antoinette initiated in the under tailor-make royal court. These actions received a slap-up deal scrap and discontent amongst the old(a) generation in the cut court. Marie Antoinette was wretched in her Austrian education, for the court she had grown up in was exceptionally insensitive to intellectual interests, and so she was brought up with infinitesimal culture. Marie Theresa confirmed that she unattended her girl, as Marie Antoinette was non a easily letter author and was non interested in literature. Maria Theresa was give tongue to to be a cleaning woman of resolution and salient s bug out, however, Marie Antoinette possessed superficial of this and she was said to be unavailing and frivolous. This was shown in m e actually affairs of State where she would ever take the undivided view, neer the statesman?s viewpoint. Because of this, her mental disturbance in the policy-ma world-b eraseer scholarship was often useless and detrimental. However, whatever of the noble qualities of her strong take, were visualize in the latter end of her life, these were cour bestride and devotion. She married Louis of import of France at the date of 14 and became the Dauphine de France. She became Queen of France at the age of 19 in June 1774 undermenti unmatchedd the death of King Louis XV in May 1774. She gave blood line to four children, one of whom died a short while after birth. The marriage was intended to beef up the alliance between France and Austria. This labored marriage was unsuited for Marie Antoinette. The Austrian alliance saluteed by her, was considered unpopular both as a departure from french tradition and as the moderateness for m whatsoever misfortunes of France. From her initial arrival, in that respect was automatic grudge and suspicion, principally because she was not french. From the beginning, she was stressed in the marriage and she was abhord by the French multitude, this led her to mother extravagant spending, which was the foundation for the French Revolution. Marie Antoinette had ingrained power and influence everywhere the king and because of this Louis 16 made many unintelligent political decisions that were detrimental to the monarchy and France. This created practically evil towards Marie Antoinette from the suffering bourgeoisie. Marie Antoinette was a inconstant and shallow woman and she did zero to offset the king?s weaknesses. Her careless behavior resulted in her having many enemies. This deportment gave them opportunities for campaigns against her, which provide the public to a greater extent than(prenominal)(prenominal) than discernments to hate her and the monarchy. She was seen as an easy target, because she was Austrian, young naïve and because of her inheritance and extravagance, it was easy to perplex the blame on her for the haste of France?s fiscal crisis. Marie Antoinette was nicknamed Madame Déficit, as she was blamed for single-handedly ruining the financial note of France. This was ulterior changed to ?l?Autrichenne?, the ?Austrian?. As her unpopularity increased, this changed to ?l?Autruchienne?, a pun using the rowing autruche moment ?ostrich? and chienne kernel ?bitch?. She was accused of destroying great standing political traditions and express feelings at older women?s influence at court. She later informed her friends that she intended on having no further intricacy in French politics, although this whitethorn or may no have been followed through by her. However, she feared repercussions if she was to be further involved. one of the primary causes for the public hating Marie Antoinette was because of her exuberant and superfluous spending. France was already in intense debt from previous wars, for example, The s thus farer age War. Louis cardinal and Marie Antoinette press release into monarchy so young play a erect pointor to the French Revolution; they were young and uncouth with no knowledge of financial control. As previously mentioned, Marie Antoinette was super unhappy, she was married to a man whom she didn?t get by and she was in a country where she was not welcome. To make matters worsened, the pressure from the court, her cause and the country to produce a male heir was unsex her down. The kinship between king and male monarch was not a close one, therefore a reason for taking septet years to produce a child. In these seven years, Marie Antoinette would incessantly write to her mother, Maria Theresa, who would put in her letters that her daughter had lost her beauty and refinement therefore the reason for not creation able to produce an heir. Marie Antoinette was said to consecrate that she was more terrified of her mother than how more she loved her. This poor relationship with her mother and the lack of love and affection from Louis, led Marie Antoinette to more unhappiness, therefore spending even biggishr amounts of money on items of clothing, jewellery, shoes, gambling and parties. Marie Antoinette received great criticism from the great deal of France for the overhaul of the Petit Trianon and for building of the Hameau (Hamlet) at Versailles, where she was said to have played milk-maid in parklands and rustic cottages. This is where she re sueed from court life and relaxed as she had make in her upbringing in the Hofburg palace in Vienna. She to a fault bought the Château de Saint-Cloud, which she claimed to have bought to go forth to her children as an inheritance. This was one of many grunges make out the queen, it outraged the people of France as it was estimated to have cost around 6 million livres not considering the redecorating costs. Events like these contributed greatly to her large unpopularity throughout France, along with the known saying ?let them eat cake? which has caused much surmise to whether she in fact did say this or not, many view it as a myth. A constant publication of the libelles, a magazine outlining court affairs, heighten on the turds of the monarchy, primarily Marie Antoinette. legion(predicate) assemblies were held to aid the financial crisis and plans to cut bear on court expenditure, Marie Antoinette?s absence caused, once more, speculation of attempting to demoralize the dis crop of the assembly and France?s crisis. Marie Antoinette was represent much worse in the public eye than she truly was, this created more dislike towards her and she became unhappy and this led to even more excessive expenditure and then a vicious circle.
She was seen as disrespectful, un compassionate and her behaviour was considered wholly inappropriate in a time where people were dying and starving in the streets. She was creation accused of orgies in Versailles, send money to Austria, sexual favours to an perfect Guards regiment in one night, incest with her son, plotting to defeat the duc d?Orléans, assisting in the massacre of the Swiss Guards in 1792 and declaring her son to be the forward-looking king of France. The ball dramatics Necklace Affair of 1784 was a major scandal concerning Marie Antoinette. In this scandal she was accused of contracting venereal disease from the cardinal de Rohan and glue it throughout the court. It isn?t accepted whether this scandal is true or not, but many people were willing to believe it, for any excuse to dislike the queen and the monarchy even more. There were more rumours speculating about her adjudicateing sexual encounters elsewhere because Louis was so command with his hobbies, politics and impotence, this was also released in the libelles. The queen was being portray more wicked by the day. She had her own propaganda attempting to fight stomach, delineate herself as a caring mother with various portraits diverse of her with her children. Sadly, this was dropped as her youngest daughter, Sophie, died. The death of her son, was occupying her mind, she was not concentrating on the current crisis in France. When her son died, instead of being nationally mourned, as normal, it was treat by the people of France. They were concentrating on preparing for the next Estates General learn regarding the bread prices. The main reason why Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette were guillotined was the fact that they attempted to escape France and seek serve up elsewhere, possibly Austria. This inclination was predominantly Marie Antoinette?s, she, and other courtiers, persuaded Louis to leave Paris where he was staying. They were caught and brought back on accusations that they were escaping and seeking help and not facing up to the problem and trying to solve it by themselves. On their get along to Paris, she was threatened to be butchered and eaten and guns were pink-slipped over her head. She was paid much less respect than Louis XVI as he was very French and she was just ?l?Autrichenne?. Marie Antoinette was charged of instigating orgies in Versailles, plotting to kill the duc d?Orléans, incest with her son, sending luxuriant amounts of money to Austria, instigating the massacre of the Swiss Guards in 1792 and declaring her son to be the new king of France, nigh of these were untrue. She was sent to trial and was penalize on 16 October 1789. germinate Count: 1, 622Bibliography?Matthews, Andrew (2001), Revolution and answer: Europe 1789-1849, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. ?Acton, Lord (1969), The Cambridge newfangled History: VIII. The French Revolution, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. ?Cronin, Vincent (1974), Louis and Antoinette, William collins Sons & Co. Ltd, Glasgow. ?Cole, Robert (2001), A Traveller?s History of France, Interlink Books, Canada. ?Wetterau, Bruce (1994), manhood History, Robert Hale, London. ?Langer, William L. (1968), An Encyclopedia of World History, George G. Harrap & Co. Ltd, London. ?Wright, E & Tumelty, J.J. (1967), An Age of Revolution, The Hamlyn Publishing sort out Ltd, France. ?Various (1968), The Last ogre Million Years, Reader?s Digest, Surry Hills. If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:
Ordercustompaper.comIf you want to get a full essay, visit our page: write my paper
No comments:
Post a Comment