Impacts of Climate Change on Womens Rights

Impacts of modality spay on Wo custodys right(a)sImpacts of Climate Change on Womens pitying race Rights Bangladesh perspective1. IntroductionAt present, the consequences of temper miscellanea including increased temperature, increased sea level, excessprecipitation, droughts, biodiversity loss, innate(p) catastrophes and reduced diet productionthreaten benevolent rights and social justice. These consequences flip brought moreadversely impacts on low-income countries, which permit produced less babys roomgases. In particular, some susceptible groups such as women atomic number 18 more penetrableto mode c aren because they stand weaker ability to character the challenge of humour sort. As genius of the least-developed countries in the world, Bangladesh facesthe enormous challenges of the global mood transfigure.Women in Bangladesh leave been mischievously alter by the climate flip, with their clement rights under great threat. This act lead analyze how climate change affects the human rights of Bangladeshi women and note potential pathways to tackle these problems. It will achieve this by firstly give definitions and canonical analyses about climate change and human rights. Following this it will look at how Bangladeshi womens rights to life, health and commandment were touched by climate change. Finally, it will seek to give impelling advice for make weaken response to these impacts.2. Climate Change and Human Rights2.1 Climate Change at that place are two major definitions of climate change that are astray used. The two different definitions are presented by Frame carry Convention on Climate Change (FCCC), and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). check to FCCC(1992) as cited by Pielke (2004), FCCC that focused on international policy, described climate change as a change of climate that is attri simplyed directly or indirectly to human activity, that alters the composition of the global atmosphere, an d that is in addition to natural climate variability over comparable time periods. On the another(prenominal) hand, IPCC that focused on scientific assessments defined climate change as a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g., by using statistical tests) by changes in the suppose and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer(Qin, Stocker & IPCC, 2013 p123-125). It is sack up that IPCC give climate change a broader definition than FCCC. On the prove of FCCC definition,the reduction of photo cannot be soak upd except though greenhouse gasemissions. But according to IPCC definition, there are some measures includingadaption policies effective to call in ecological or societal vulnerabilitybrought by climate change. In this paper, both of this will be taken intoconsider.2.2 Human RightsFacts and studies sire shown thatclimate change poses a great challenge to human rights issues. Human ri ghts arethe inherent rights of every individual, regardless of our nationality, placeof residence, sex, ethnicity, religion, language or any other status (AriellaAzoulay,2015). As United Nations (n.d.) have noted, human rights included theright to life and liberty, disengagedom from slavery and torture, freedom of assuranceand expression, the right to work and education, and many more. It is worthmentioning that the concept of human rights does not remain at the theoreticallevel, but is described and protect by International human rights law (IHRL)and some national laws. For example, in Britain the Human Rights Act 1998 wasintroduced to protect human rights.As womens human rights aregaining increasing attention in the context of advocating gender equality, some search and related institutions begin to focus on the impact of climatechange on womens human rights and do some work to dish up local women in theclimatic vulnerable areas.3. Climate Changes effect on Womens Human Rig hts in BangladeshBangladesh is 1 of the countries most in all likelihood to suffer adverse impacts from climate change. This is mainly influencedby two factors, one of which is its special geographical location and the otheris its social and economic underdevelopment. The numerate land area in Bangladesh is147,570 square kilometers, including 80% of the floodplains. As a result,during the rainy season, most parts of the country (except the NorthwestHighlands) are devoted to flooding. Saleemul Huq2001comparedBangladesh with the Netherlands, indicating that geographical location is notthe only reason why Bangladesh is modify by severe climate change. Bangladeshand the Netherlands are both low-lying deltaic countries, but the Netherlands possessesenough financial and scientific capacity to build higher seawalls for defendits citizens against natural disasters, but Bangladesh cannot.3.1 substance of Climate Change on the Right to Life Climate change has caused frequent naturaldisa sters in Bangladesh. gender issues have always been a marginalized topic inthe context of climate change, but we can still find some gender-related datain related climate change studies. Women are less able to unravel from naturaldisasters. For example, during the 1991 Bangladesh Cyclone, the mortality rate ofwomen was five times higher than that of men among the 20-44 age group(UNEP,2005).The reasons why there was a such difference are as follows. First, there is animbalance of information between men and women in Bangladesh. Men cancommunicate with each other in national places for access to information, whilewomen are mostly at topographic point, unable to begin timely and useful warning messages. Secondly,most Bangladeshi women lack the skills to overwhelm or climb trees, and theirdresses are not conducive to their escape from the disaster. In addition, it ismore difficult for women to get rescuing resources to deal with damage and lossfrom radical weather events because of the long-standing social bias. In otherwords, the gender inequality in Bangladesh purchase order contributes to thevulnerability of local women.3.2 Effect of Climate Change on the Right to healthAs a result of climate change, womens workhas become even more dangerous and difficult in the society of Bangladesh. Inmost poor communities, getting drinking water for their families is the office for women, just as Bangladesh. Climate change causes problems ofdrought and salinization of water in Bangladesh (Aguilar Revelo, 2009). Womenin families have to walk a long distance to give water resources, whichconsumes a large amount of their time and leads to high risks of trauma and evendeath in the process.Climate change have impelled child marriagerisks in Bangladesh, with womens right to health damaged. raw(a) disasters suchas floods and droughts aroused by climate change have made thousands of people becomedisplaced and lose their financial sources (e.g. crops). In this dim situat ion,many parents have to marry their young daughtersoff. Girls Not Brides (2017) noted that Bangladesh already had one of highestrates of child marriage in the world at 52%. Around 30% of girls in Bangladeshare married forrader their 15th birthday. Early marriages make these girls morevulnerable to domestic violence, and motherliness at a young age is harmful forwomens health.3.3 Effect of Climate Change on the Right to EducationHigh temperatures, droughts and floods havemade farmers in rural areas lose their land, crops and livestock, then thesepeople have to migrate from villages to the so-called climate change refugesincapital of Bangladesh. Education is free in rural Bangladesh, while it is not free in Dhaka (Jabeen,2014). In the face of high tuition fees and livingcosts, parents choose to let the girls give up education. Gender bias inBangladesh society in addition contributes to the choice. Families often prefer togive boys the limited educational opportunities and the girl s should make an thrustfor boys. Also, gathering water and producing cropsbecome increasingly difficult due to utmost(a) weather in Bangladesh so that girlshave to stay at home to share the housework. It becomes more and more difficultfor local women to participate in decision- devising process of climate changepolicy and measures due to lack of education. As a result, many policies andmeasures for dealing with climate change are hypothesise almost entirely by menand can not accurately satisfy the demands of women.4. Possible SolutionsProtectingwomens human rights from climate change call fors transboundary cooperationincluding international institutions, local government, NGOs. There are somesuggestions to address the issue and to improve womens human rights in thecontext of the climate change in Bangladesh.First, womensempowerment in the decision-making process is of alert importance. Actually, thisconcept has been clearly stated in some policies or agreements, but it stillfa ces many challenges in its practical application. For example,The Paris Agreementexplicitly requires that gender equality and womens empowermentshould be taken into account in addressing climate change, and genderdifferences should be considered in actions and capacity building to addressclimate change(Guiot,2016). However, inpoor countries, womens empowerment is not easy to realize in practice becauseof social prejudices and the low educational level of women. For betterempowerment, local governments should countenance education subsidies or freeeducation for these climate refugees. Relevant policies should be introduced todemand that all children including girls receive basic education. commandingeducation gives girls more employment opportunities and enables them to participatein the stages of social decision-making, making their voices heard in the areaof addressing climate change issue. Moreover, womens education optimizes thedemographic structure andthus has a positive impac t on climate change. Thiscreates a virtuous circle.Secondly, the al-Qaeda should be improved. As mentioned earlier, water is greatlyaffected by climate change, and womens access to water becomes more difficultand vulnerable. It seems unrealizable to change this culture in Bangladesh thatwomen should get water for their families, but infrastructure projects can beimplemented in local area to help them get watereasier.For example, localgovernments, corporations or international organizations can invest money andtechnology to establish water factories to enable local residents to use gaudytap water directly. In addition, construction of the roads and schools in localvillages can as well reduce the time and distance to go to school. As a result,the way of getting water becomes safe and women can have more time foreducation.Finally, womens access to early warning informationand the basic skills to deal with disasters should be improved. For example, thelocal government and other non-g overnmental organizations can provide localwomen with free disaster-resistant training. Considering the low-leveleducation of local women, training materials should be designed easy tounderstand. And a special information transmission squad including female shouldbe set up to timely transmit Copernican information to women groups and reflectthe demands of women.5. Conclusion Women in Bangladesh is one of the mostvulnerable groups when it comes to the impact of climate change. With theimpact of climate change, women not only need to spend more time in domesticwork, but alike becomes more vulnerable in the process. Climate change hasaggravated the problem of poverty, leading to the emergence of dropouts andchild marriages. In fact, womens rights to life, health and education havebeen adversely affected by climate change.Fortunately, more and more agencies andenquiryers have been aware of this issue and done some related research. Theseresearch outcomes have been gradually affecting the governments policies aboutclimate change. However, increasing the human rights of women in Bangladeshwill require more efforts from multiple agencies. The essay also provides somepossible ways in practice to deal with the problem, including womensempowerment in decision-making process, constructing tap water factories,improving local roads, disaster prevention training for women. 6. References1 Qin D, Stocker T.& Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working conference I. (2013) Climate change 2013 the physical sciencebasis, p123-125.2 Pielke, R.A.(2004) What is Climate Change? button & Environment. 15 (3), 515-520.3 Ariella Azoulay. (2015) What Are Human Rights? Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East. 35(1), 8-20. useable http//dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201X-2876056Accessed Nov.3th 2017.4 United nations. (n.d.) Human Rights. Available http//www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/human-rightsAccessed Nov.4th 2017.5 Saleemul, Huq. (2001) Climate Change an d Bangladesh. Science (NewYork, N.Y.), 294(5547), p.1617.6 United Nations Environment Programme. (2005) Mainstreaming Genderin Environmental appraisal and Early Warning. Available http//hdl.handle.net/20.500.11822/8559AccessedNov.4th 2017.7 Aguilar Revelo, L.(2009) Training Manual On Gender andClimate Change. Gland, Switzerland, IUCN, pp.120-122. 8 Girls Not Brides.(2016) How Is Climate Change Driving ChildMarriage? Available https//www.girlsnotbrides.org/hidden-connections-climate-change-child-marriage-bangladesh/AccessedNov.5th 20179 Jabeen, H. 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